Italy

Italy faces housing challenges including a deteriorating building stock (many buildings pre-date 1970), energy inefficiency, and growing affordability issues in major cities. An estimated 2.6 million Italians live in energy poverty. The seismic risk adds urgency to building renovation needs.

Italy has one of Europe's highest homeownership rates at approximately 73%. The social housing sector is relatively small at around 4% of stock. Housing markets vary dramatically between prosperous northern cities and the south. Major cities like Milan and Rome face growing affordability pressures.

Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza (PNRR) with €235B including digital transformation; Smarter Italy programme for urban innovation procurement; Italia Digitale 2026 digitalisation strategy; Smart Cities & Communities programme; Transizione 4.0 industry digitisation initiative